Overview of the events of 1940 in science
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The year 1940 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Biochemistry
Biology
Chemistry
Computer science
Exploration
Mathematics
Medicine
Metallurgy
Physics
Technology
Other events
Births
- January 8
- April 1 – Wangari Maathai, née Muta (died 2011), Kenyan biologist and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize.
- April 18 – Joseph L. Goldstein, American biochemist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- May 17 – Alan Kay, American computer scientist and winner of the Turing Award.
- June 1 – Kip Thorne, American gravitational physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
- June 5 – Dickson Despommier, American microbiologist, ecologist and Professor of Public health in Environmental Health Sciences at Columbia University.
- June 22 – Daniel Quillen (died 2011), American mathematician.
- July 15 – Stephen Jacobsen (died 2016), American bioengineer and roboticist.
- July 30 – Clive Sinclair (died 2021), English inventor.
- September 12 – Joachim Frank, German-born biophysicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
- September 26 – Louise Johnson (died 2012), British biochemist and protein crystallographer.
- November 20 – Arieh Warshel, Israeli-born winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
- November 26 – Enrico Bombieri, Italian-born mathematician.
- Judith Pipher, American astrophysicist.
- December 24 – Anthony Fauci, American physician-scientist and immunologist.
Deaths
- March 9 – Robert Gunther (born 1869), English historian of science.
- April 13 – Pierre Marie (born 1853), French neurologist.
- April 29 – Edgar Buckingham (born 1867), American physicist.
- June 17 – Arthur Harden (born 1865), English biochemist and Nobel laureate in chemistry.
- June 21 – John T. Thompson (born 1860), American inventor.
- July 31 – Louis Charles Christopher Krieger (born 1873), American mycologist.
- August 30 – J. J. Thomson (born 1856), English physicist and Nobel laureate in physics.
- November 8 – Arthur Vierendeel (born 1852), Belgian civil engineer.
- November 17 – Raymond Pearl (born 1879), American biologist.
- December 16 – Eugène Dubois (born 1858), Dutch paleoanthropologist.
- December 17 – Alicia Boole Stott (born 1860) British mathematician.
References
- ^ Drews, Jürgen (March 2000). "Drug Discovery: a Historical Perspective". Science. 287 (5460): 1960–4. Bibcode:2000Sci...287.1960D. doi:10.1126/science.287.5460.1960. PMID 10720314. S2CID 1827304.
- ^ Robertson, Patrick (1974). The Shell Book of Firsts. London: Ebury Press. p. 124.
- ^ Waksman, S. A.; Woodruff, H. B. (1940). "Bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal substances produced by soil actinomycetes". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 45: 609–614. doi:10.3181/00379727-45-11768. S2CID 84774334.
- ^ Kamen, Martin D. (1963). "Early History of Carbon-14: Discovery of this supremely important tracer was expected in the physical sense but not in the chemical sense". Science. 140 (3567): 584–590. Bibcode:1963Sci...140..584K. doi:10.1126/science.140.3567.584. JSTOR 1710512. PMID 17737092.
- ^ Trossarelli, L. (2010). "the history of nylon". Club Alpino Italiano, Centro Studi Materiali e Tecniche. Archived from the original on 2012-04-25. Retrieved 2012-02-28.
- ^ Corson, D. R.; MacKenzie, K. R.; Segrè, E. (1940). "Artificially Radioactive Element 85". Physical Review. 58 (8): 672–678. Bibcode:1940PhRv...58..672C. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.58.672.
- ^ Mcmillan, Edwin; Abelson, Philip Hauge (1940). "Radioactive Element 93". Physical Review. 57 (12): 1185–6. Bibcode:1940PhRv...57.1185M. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.57.1185.2.
- ^ Hammond, George S. (1997). "Physical organic chemistry after 50 years: It has changed, but is it still there?" (PDF). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 69 (9). IUPAC: 1919–22. doi:10.1351/pac199769091919. S2CID 53723796. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
- ^ Whitehead, Roger (2004). "Widdowson, Elsie May (1906–2000)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/74313. Retrieved 2011-08-10. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ US patent 2668661, "Complex Computer", issued 1954-02-09, assigned to American Telephone & Telegraph
- ^ Smith, Michael (2007). Station X: the Codebreakers of Bletchley Park. Pan Grand Strategy Series (rev. ed.). London: Pan Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-330-41929-1.
- ^ Ritchie, David (1986). "George Stibitz and the Bell Computers". The Computer Pioneers. New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 39. ISBN 067152397X.
- ^ Metropolis, Nicholas (2014). History of Computing in the Twentieth Century. Elsevier. p. 481. ISBN 9781483296685.
- ^ Dalakov, Georgi. "Relay computers of George Stibitz". History of Computers: Hardware, Software, Internet. Retrieved 2015-03-30.
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: 1940 in science
- ^ Siple, Paul (1963). "Obituary: Carl R. Eklund, 1909-1962" (PDF). Arctic. 16 (2). Arctic Institute of North America: 147–148. doi:10.14430/arctic3531. Retrieved 2013-01-19.
- ^ Levi, F. W. (1942). Finite Geometrical Systems. University of Calcutta. MR 0006834.
- ^ Gowing, Margaret (1964). Britain and Atomic Energy, 1935–1945. London: Macmillan Publishing. pp. 40–43. OCLC 3195209.
- ^ Auto Editors of Consumer Guide. "1906-1939 Jeep: Jeep Makes History". HowStuffWorks. Archived from the original on 2012-05-01. Retrieved 2012-05-31.