Conquest of al-Hasa

1913 event in the unification of Saudi Arabia

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Conquest of al-Hasa

Part of the Unification of Saudi Arabia

Date

April 1913

Location

al-Hasa, Arabia

Result

Emirate of Riyadh (Saudi) victory

Incorporation of al-Hasa into Saudi Emirate

Belligerents

Ottoman Empire Supported by:

British Empire

Emirate of Riyadh

Ikhwan

Commanders and leaders

Unknown

Abdulaziz Ibn Saud

Units involved

Ottoman garrison

Ikhwan militia^[1]

Unification of Saudi Arabia

Saudi–Rashidi War (1903–1907)
- Riyadh
- Dilam
- Unaizah
- Buraidah
- Bekeriyah
- Shinanah
- Rawdat Muhanna
- Tarafiyah
Hadia [ar]
al-Hasa
Second Saudi-Rashidi War (1915-1918)
- Jarrab
Kanzan
al-Khurma
Hajla [ar]
Hurmula
Ha'il
1st Kuwait
Transjordan
Hejaz
2nd Kuwait
Ikhwan Revolt
Official proclamation
Yemen

The Conquest of al-Hasa was achieved by the Saudi forces of ibn Saud with support from the Ikhwan^[1] in April 1913.^[2] The Oasis of al-Hasa was conquered from an Ottoman garrison, which had controlled the area since 1871.^[3]

The Shia religious community leaders of al-Hasa negotiated a surrender and recognition of the Saudi political authority in exchange for leniency and religious freedom, which was granted at the time by Ibn Saud.^[1]

The Ottomans swiftly acknowledged the loss of al-Hasa, and recognized al-Hasa and Nejd as being under the rule of Ibn Saud.^[2]

The Ottomans' attempt to regain Al-Ahsa

In Bahrain, the British blamed the Turks for submitting to King Abdul Aziz and warned them of the consequences of the wrath of the supreme Ottoman authorities. They encouraged them to return to Al-Ahsa and enticed them with support and assistance. The Ottoman soldiers were deceived by the British’s advice and promise, so they chartered ships and returned to the port of Al-Uqair. They were confronted by a company headed by Bin Nader from King Abdul Aziz’s forces and clashed with them in a bitter fight that resulted in a number of deaths and the capture of thirty Ottoman soldiers. The news reached King Abdul Aziz while he was in Al-Ahsa, so he went out to Al-Uqair and released the Turkish prisoners. He sent the rest of the soldiers to Bahrain and wrote to the ruler of Bahrain and to the English political advisor there blaming them. They answered him: “The Turkish soldiers left Bahrain, heading to Basra, and we do not know who they were.”^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Jones, T. Embattled in Arabia. 03 June 2009.
^ ^a ^b Habib, John S. (1978-01-01). Ibn Sa'ud's Warriors of Islam: The Ikhwan of Najd and Their Role in the Creation of the Sa'udi Kingdom, 1910-1930. Brill. p. 13. ISBN 9789004057579.
^ Pp. 63, 124
^ كتاب السعودية ابن عثمين,ص:111