Hondita Formation

Fossiliferous geological formation of the Colombian Andes
Hondita Formation
Stratigraphic range: Turonian
~93–90 Ma
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TypeGeological formation
Unit ofGüagüaquí Group
UnderliesLoma Gorda Formation
Overliesnot observed
Thicknessup to 90 m (300 ft)
Lithology
PrimarySandy limestone, shale
OtherCalcareous concretions
Location
Coordinates4°30′47″N 74°52′32″W / 4.51306°N 74.87556°W / 4.51306; -74.87556
Approximate paleocoordinates3°00′S 52°00′W / 3.0°S 52.0°W / -3.0; -52.0
RegionUpper Magdalena Valley, Central & Eastern Ranges, Andes
Country Colombia
Type section
Named forQuebrada Hondita
Named byDe Porta
LocationPiedras, Tolima
Year defined1966
Coordinates4°30′47″N 74°52′32″W / 4.51306°N 74.87556°W / 4.51306; -74.87556
RegionCundinamarca, Huila, Tolima
Country Colombia

Paleogeography of Northern South America
90 Ma, by Ron Blakey

The Hondita Formation (Spanish: Formación Hondita, Ksh) is a fossiliferous geological formation of the Upper Magdalena Valley (VSM) and surrounding Central and Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes, extending from Cundinamarca in the north to Huila and easternmost Tolima in the south. The lowermost unit of the Güagüaquí Group, a sequence of sandy limestones and shales, dates to the Late Cretaceous period; Turonian epoch, and has a maximum thickness of 90 metres (300 ft).

Fossils of Yaguarasaurus columbianus, said to be found in the time-equivalent La Frontera Formation (listed as "La Frontera Member"), were actually recovered from the Hondita Formation as the stratigraphic unit present in the Quebradas El Ocal and Itaibe, Huila.

Etymology

The formation was named in 1966 by De Porta, named after Quebrada Hondita in Piedras, Tolima.[1]

Description

Lithologies

The Hondita Formation is characterised by a sequence of sandy limestones and shales with calcareous concretions up to 2 metres (6.6 ft) in diameter.[2] The formation has provided fossils of Pachyrhizodus etayoi,[3] Acanthoceras sp., Rhynchostreon sp. near Aipe, Huila.[4]

Stratigraphy and depositional environment

The Hondita Formation is the lowermost unit of the Güagüaquí Group.[1] It is overlain by the Loma Gorda Formation and its base has not been observed. The age has been estimated on the basis of ammonites to be Turonian.[2] Stratigraphically, the formation is time equivalent with the lower parts of the Chipaque, La Luna and La Frontera Formations.[5] The formation was deposited in a relative highstand sequence with an oceanic oxygen depletion event, sharply marked in Colombia and characterised by the appearance of calcareous concretions with a thick pyrite rim.[6]

Yaguarasaurus

Fossils of Yaguarasaurus columbianus were described as coming from the "La Frontera Member", part of the "Villeta Formation", in the Quebrada El Ocal, 26 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Neiva, Huila,[7][8] and in the Quebrada Itaibe 78 kilometres (48 mi) southwest of Neiva,[9] although in these areas the Hondita Formation is mapped.[10][11]

Outcrops

Hondita Formation is located in Tolima Department
Hondita Formation
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Type locality of the Hondita Formation in Tolima

The type locality of the Hondita Formation is located in Piedras, Tolima.[1] Other outcrops of the Hondita Formation have been noted east of the Magdalena River northeast of Honda,[12] west of Nariño,[13] west across the Magdalena River in San Luis, Tolima,[14] between the Tetuán and Saldaña Rivers west of Coyaima and east and west of Ataco,[15] to the east of the Prado River reservoir,[16] north and west of Aipe,[17] surrounding Alpujarra, Tolima,[18] south of Palermo, Huila, displaced by the Baché Fault,[19] east of Iquira,[10] north of Yaguará,[11] south of La Plata where the formation is cut by the Itaibe Fault,[20] a small patch east of Gigante, Huila,[21] northwest and northeast of San Agustín,[22] and north of Timaná surrounding the Magdalena River.[23]

Regional correlations

Cretaceous stratigraphy of the central Colombian Eastern Ranges
Age Paleomap VMM Guaduas-Vélez W Emerald Belt Villeta anticlinal Chiquinquirá-
Arcabuco		 Tunja-
Duitama		 Altiplano Cundiboyacense El Cocuy
Maastrichtian Umir Córdoba Seca eroded Guaduas Colón-Mito Juan
Umir Guadalupe
Campanian Córdoba
Oliní
Santonian La Luna Cimarrona - La Tabla La Luna
Coniacian Oliní Villeta Conejo Chipaque
Güagüaquí Loma Gorda undefined La Frontera
Turonian Hondita La Frontera Otanche
Cenomanian Simití hiatus La Corona Simijaca Capacho
Pacho Fm. Hiló - Pacho Churuvita Une Aguardiente
Albian Hiló Chiquinquirá Tibasosa Une
Tablazo Tablazo Capotes - La Palma - Simití Simití Tibú-Mercedes
Aptian Capotes Socotá - El Peñón Paja Fómeque
Paja Paja El Peñón Trincheras Río Negro
La Naveta
Barremian
Hauterivian Muzo Cáqueza Las Juntas
Rosablanca Ritoque
Valanginian Ritoque Furatena Útica - Murca Rosablanca hiatus Macanal
Rosablanca
Berriasian Cumbre Cumbre Los Medios Guavio
Tambor Arcabuco Cumbre
Sources


See also

  • flagColombia portal
  • iconGeology portal
Geology of the Eastern Hills
Geology of the Ocetá Páramo
Geology of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense
Geology of the Middle Magdalena Valley

References

  1. ^ a b c Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.23
  2. ^ a b Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.24
  3. ^ Páramo, 2001, p.68
  4. ^ Patarroyo, 2011
  5. ^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.22
  6. ^ Villamil, 2012, p.173
  7. ^ 'Yaguarasaurus columbianus' in the Paleobiology Database
  8. ^ Yaguarasaurus columbianus at Fossilworks.org
  9. ^ Páramo Fonseca, 2000, p.124
  10. ^ a b Plancha 344, 1999
  11. ^ a b Plancha 345, 1999
  12. ^ Plancha 207, 2010
  13. ^ Plancha 245, 1999
  14. ^ Plancha 264, 2002
  15. ^ Plancha 282, 1993
  16. ^ Plancha 283, 2009
  17. ^ Plancha 302, 1993
  18. ^ Plancha 303, 2002
  19. ^ Plancha 323, 1998
  20. ^ Plancha 366, 1998
  21. ^ Plancha 367, 2003
  22. ^ Plancha 388, 2002
  23. ^ Plancha 389, 2003

Bibliography

  • Acosta, Jorge E., and Carlos E. Ulloa. 2002. Mapa geológico del Departamento de Cundinamarca 1:250,000 - Memoria Explicativa, 1–108. INGEOMINAS.
  • Páramo Fonseca, María Euridice. 2001. Los peces de la familia Pachyrhizodontidae (Teleostei) del Turoniano del Valle Superior del Magdalena. Boletín Geológico 39. 51–83. .
  • Páramo Fonseca, María Euridice. 2000. Yaguarasaurus columbianus (Reptilia, Mosasauridae), a primitive mosasaur from the Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) of Colombia. Historical Biology 14. 121-131. Accessed 2018-05-30.
  • Patarroyo, Pedro. 2011. Sucesión de Amonitas del Cretácico Superior (Cenomaniano-Coniaciano) de la parte más alta de la Formación Hondita y de la Formación Loma Gorda en la Quebrada Bambucá, Aipe - Huila (Colombia). Boletín de Geología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia 33. 69–92. Accessed 2017-03-31.
  • Villamil, Tomas. 2012. Chronology Relative Sea Level History and a New Sequence Stratigraphic Model for Basinal Cretaceous Facies of Colombia, 161–216. Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM).

Maps

  • Barrero L., Darío, and Carlos J. Vesga O. 2009. Plancha 188 - La Dorada - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Barrero, Darío, and Carlos J. Vesga. 2010. Plancha 207 - Honda - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Acosta, Jorge E.; Rafael Guatame; Oscar Torres, and Frank Solano. 1999. Plancha 245 - Girardot - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Calcedo, Juan Carlos, and Roberto Terraza. 2000. Plancha 264 - Espinal - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Carvajal, Cesar; Jaime Fuquen, and Luis Gómez. 1993. Plancha 282 - Chaparral - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Cossio, Ubaldo; Gabriel Rodríguez, and Miguel Rodríguez. 1995. Plancha 283 - Purificación - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Fuquen, Jaime; Gabriel Rodríguez; Ubaldo Cossio, and Alberto Núñez. 1993. Plancha 302 - Aipe - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Acosta, Jorge; Pablo Caro; Jaime Fuquen, and José Osorno. 2002. Plancha 303 - Colombia - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS.
  • Ferreira, Paulina; Alberto Núñez, and Miguel Rodríguez. 1998. Plancha 323 - Neiva - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Marquínez, Germán; C. Morales, and Alberto Núñez. 1999. Plancha 344 - Tesalia - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Velandia, F.; C.J. Morales; J.C. Caicedo, and Alberto Núñez. 1999. Plancha 345 - Campoalegre - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Marquínez, Germán; Yohana Rodríguez; Roberto Terraza, and Mario Martínez. 2003. Plancha 365 - Coconuco - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Rodríguez, Gabriel; Paulina Ferreira; Francisco Velandia, and Alberto Núñez. 1998. Plancha 366 - Garzón - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Rodríguez, Gabriel; Gilberto Zapata, and M. Velázquez. 2003. Plancha 367 - Gigante - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Cárdenas, Jorge; Jaime Fuquen, and Alberto Núñez. 2002. Plancha 388 - Pitalito - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Rodríguez, Gabriel; Gilberto Zapata, and M. Velázquez. 2003. Plancha 389 - Timaná - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.

External links

  • Gómez, J.; N.E. Montes; Á. Nivia, and H. Diederix. 2015. Plancha 5-09 del Atlas Geológico de Colombia 2015 – escala 1:500,000, 1. Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Accessed 2017-03-16.
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Paleontology in Colombia
Notable
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After 1900
19th century
Hondita Formation is located in Colombia
Bogotá Formation
Cerrejón Formation
Floresta Formation
Hiló Formation
Valle Alto Formation
Paja Formation
Honda Group

Major
fossiliferous
stratigraphic units
Pleistocene
Neogene
Paleogene
Cretaceous
Jurassic
Devonian
Notable fossils
Pleistocene
Honda Gp.
Gualanday Gp.
Bogotá Fm.
Cerrejón Fm.
Oliní Gp.
Hondita Fm.
Hiló Fm.
Paja Fm.
Arcabuco Fm.
Valle Alto Fm.
Cuche Fm.
Floresta Fm.
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