Aleksander membangun beberapa kota di wilayah barunya di daerah Amu Darya dan Baktria, dan pemukiman Yunani diperluas ke Celah Khyber, Gandhara (lihat Taxila), dan Punjab. Setelah wafatnya Aleksander pada 10 Juni 323 SM, Diadochi atau "para penerus" mendirikan kerajaan-kerajaan mereka sendiri. Jenderal Seleukos mendirikan Kekaisaran Seleukia di Anatolia dan Asia Tengah dan berekspansi hingga ke India.
Kekaisaran Maurya, yang didirikan oleh Chandragupta Maurya, terlebih dahulu menaklukkan Kekaisaran Nanda. Chandragupta kemudian mengalahkan Kekaisaran Seleukia dalam Perang Seleukia-Maurya. Hal ini mengakibatkan pengalihan para satrap Makedonia di Lembah Indus dan Gandhara ke Kekaisaran Maurya. Selanjutnya, sebuah aliansi pernikahan dilangsungkan yang mengizinkan putri Seleukos menjadi istri Chandragupta untuk hubungan diplomatik. Konflik itu juga menyebabkan pengalihan 500 gajah perang kepada Kekaisaran Seleukia dari Kekaisaran Maurya, mungkin sebagai biaya korban tewas dan kerusakan yang dialami.
^Davies, Cuthbert Collin (1959). An Historical Atlas of the Indian Peninsula. Oxford University Press.
^Narain, A.K. (1976). The Coin Types of the Indo-Greek Kings, 256-54 B.C. Ares. ISBN 0-89005-109-7.
^Hans Erich Stier, Ernst Kirsten, Ekkehard Aner. Grosser Atlas zur Weltgeschichte: Vorzeit. Altertum. Mittelalter. Neuzeit. Georg Westermann Verlag 1978, ISBN 3-14-100919-8.
Referensi
Vassiliades, Demetrios Th. 2016. Greeks and Buddhism. Athens, Indo-Hellenic Society for Culture & Development ELINEPA.
Alexander the Great: East-West Cultural Contacts from Greece to Japan. Tokyo: NHK Puromōshon and Tokyo National Museum, 2003.
Baums, Stefan. 2012. “Catalog and Revised Texts and Translations of Gandharan Reliquary Inscriptions.” In: David Jongeward, Elizabeth Errington, Richard Salomon and Stefan Baums, Gandharan Buddhist Reliquaries, p. 204, Seattle: Early Buddhist Manuscripts Project (Gandharan Studies, Volume 1).
Baums, Stefan, and Andrew Glass. 2002– . Catalog of Gāndhārī Texts, no. CKI 32 Diarsipkan 2018-08-21 di Wayback Machine.
Jerry H. Bentley. Old World Encounters: Cross-cultural Contacts and Exchanges in Pre-modern Times. Oxford–NY: Oxford University Press, 1993. ISBN 0-19-507639-7
John Boardman. The Diffusion of Classical Art in Antiquity. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994. ISBN 0-691-03680-2
Shravasti Dhammika, trans. The Edicts of King Asoka: An English Rendering. Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society, 1993. ISBN 955-24-0104-6
Richard Foltz. Religions of the Silk Road, 2nd edition, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010 ISBN 978-0-230-62125-1
Georgios T. Halkias, “When the Greeks Converted the Buddha: Asymmetrical Transfers of Knowledge in Indo-Greek Cultures”, in Trade and Religions: Religious Formation, Transformation and Cross-Cultural Exchange between East and West, ed. Volker Rabens. Leiden: Brill, 2013, p. 65–115.
Robert Linssen. Living Zen. NY: Grove Press, 1958. ISBN 0-8021-3136-0
Lowenstein, Tom (1996). The vision of the Buddha. Duncan Baird Publishers. ISBN 1-903296-91-9.
Thomas McEvilley. The Shape of Ancient Thought: Comparative Studies in Greek and Indian Philosophies. NY: Allworth Press and the School of Visual Arts, 2002. ISBN 1-58115-203-5
William Woodthorpe Tarn. The Greeks in Bactria and India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1951, ISBN 81-215-0220-9
Marian Wenzel. Echoes of Alexander the Great: Silk Route Portraits from Gandhara, foreword by the Dalai Lama. Eklisa Anstalt, 2000. ISBN 1-58886-014-0
Paul Williams. Mahāyāna Buddhism: the Doctrinal Foundations. London–NY: Routledge, 1989. ISBN 0-415-02537-0
Pranala luar
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Greco-Buddhist art.
UNESCO: Threatened Greco-Buddhist art
Alexander the Great: East-West Cultural contacts from Greece to Japan (Japanese)
The Hellenistic age
The Kanishka Buddhist coins
Interim period: Mathura as the Vaishnava-Buddhist seat of culture and learning